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line up the segments of the two cylinders.

The curves in the base mesh subdivide cleanly because both sides of the grooves have the same number of segments. Adding the support loops to the two adjacent splits in the shape below the groove changes the segment spacing on the lower half of the curve. Which does sharpen the corners but also causes them to overlap with the upper half of the curved groove.

There's a few different ways to resolve this kind of smoothing artifact. Deciding which approach makes the most sense will depend on how soft the edges need to be and whether or not the model needs to be split into separate meshes.

If the subdivision model will only be used for rendering then it probably makes sense to keep the relatively tight support loops and mesh splits along the object's parting lines. Since the model's existing topology looks workable: the easiest solution would be to shrink down the outer vertices of the sharpened corners, preferably before adding the support loops.

Moving the corner geometry down compensates for the upward distortion caused by the abrupt change in the segment spacing. This will leave a small gap between the individual meshes but everything will fall in line with the larger curve when the subdivision is applied. How far the corner vertices need to be moved will depend on the shape of the arc, number of segments in the curve and the width of the support loops that are causing the distortion.

Enabling subdivision preview will make it easier to line everything up. It may also be a good idea to constrain any move operations to the edge normals of the surface. This will help prevent the adjustments from disrupting the compound curvature of the underlying surface.

If the subdivision model will only be used as a high poly for baking then it probably makes sense to use looser support loops and it may even be worth merging some of the mesh components to simplify the shapes. A simple block out can be used to establish the topology flow of the larger forms and this can be refined in stages to resolve any potential issues around the smaller shapes. Creases and edge weighted bevel modifiers can be used to preview loop smoothing behavior while working through the topology.

Once the basic loop flow is established, the loop path can be created with a single bevel / chamfer operation or multiple inset operations. The depth of the parting lines can be added by shrinking the middle loop on the path inwards. Final support loops can be generated using an edge weighted bevel modifier. Below is an example of what that process could look like.

Having a continuous base mesh provides some additional options for the topology routing. It's possible to use a 5 sided E pole to direct the flow around the split in the shapes or use a triangular quad to reduce the perpendicular support loops without adding segments to the primary curvature. Here's a close up look at the topology near where the corners meet the top curvature of the parting line.

Support loops can be organized with several different routing strategies but the goal should be to constrain any minor smoothing artifacts to the narrow area between the support loops where it won't be visible. Generating the support loops with an edge weighted bevel modifier means it's possible to adjust the number of segments and width of the support loops as required. Without having to manually re-work each individual loop.

While a continuous mesh can be used to simplify the high poly geometry for baking, it may not be the right choice for every shape. Large, complex objects should generally be broken up into individual components that match the desired fidelity of the in-game model. Splitting a mesh along an object's seam lines also allows each part to have a slightly different polygon density. Which can make it a lot easier to establish seperate topology flows on individual surfaces. Just be sure that the adjacent shapes deform as expected when subdivision is applied and adjust the shape of the base mesh as required.

Recap: Complex objects should generally be broken down into individual parts that are modeled separately. It may be necessary to adjust the shape of separate mesh elements that are adjacent but have mismatched segment counts or additional support loops. Certain shapes can be simplified by merging adjacent shapes. Establishing the topology flow in several different stages can make it easier to create continuous meshes but it can be challenging to plan for every surface detail. Take the time to think about how the subdivision model will be used and optimize workflow decisions around the desired results.