So I've always had this issue for baking in substance painter, I always get these small black dots/clipping around the edges of my model. I try my best to make sure the high and low poly match up, I keep my UV islands pretty spaced out, I mess with the max and rear frontal distance in the baker settings.
Is there anything else I should be mindful of so I can get cleaner bakes? I also have marmoset toolbag and am considering trying my baking in there if painter keeps acting up.
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But from what I can tell this looks very much as an issue from an very sudden change in the normals values from the normals map at the border of the mesh-shells.
Btw. This is just a side factor but by straightening your uv-shells where possible you can reduce the aliasing-effect.
The baker bakes the area along the seams where the highpoly already turns inwards to form it's thickness. Your highpoly has jagged edges and that's exactly what we see on the bake.
The issue is not substance nor the baker: It's your input