Mirror's edge is probably the strongest example of color-for-navigation I can think of. Perhaps Look for some of the GDC write ups on the game's design?
Perhaps... http://www.polycount.com/2010/07/21/alien-swarm/ Although I guess that is more light than colour. Portal 2 also makes a good example of lights guiding the player. Also to a lesser extent... http://www.polycount.com/2011/01/04/greenor-red-barrels/